아시아의 크루즈 역사(Cruise History of Asia)_1980~1990년대

○ 1980~1990년대

● JAPAN

NYK started passenger ship business in 1989 with cruise ships operated by its subsidiary Crystal Cruises.

※ On March 3, 2015, NYK announced that it was selling Crystal Cruises to Genting Hong Kong.

Hujimaru

In 1990, MS Asuka entered service on the Japanese cruise market. In 2006, Asuka was replaced by Asuka II

 , formerly Crystal Harmony.

 

Asuka II

 

☞일본의 거품 경제(バブル景気)는 1986년부터 1991년 사이에 있었던 경제 시기이다. 1989년, 미쓰비시 그룹이 약 2000억 엔으로 구입한 록펠러 센터는 당시 일본 기업에 의한 국외 부동산 구매의 상징이 되었다.

 

록펠러 센터

 

● SINGAPORE

 

In 1992, Shangri-La World and Royal Pacific started cruises in Singapore.

☞ 싱가포르의 미국대비 1인당 명목 GDP 비율이 1990년에 52%에서 1995년 86%까지 급증하였다. 이는 1980년 이후 2010년 사이 최고 수치였다.

 

Shangri-La World

● Hong Kong

Star Cruises was founded as an associate of the Genting Group of Malaysia on 10 November 1993 with its corporate headquarters in Hong Kong. 

☞ 중국 본토와 비교한 홍콩의 GDP는 1993년에 중국의 27%로 최고조에 달했으나, 2017년에 3% 미만으로 떨어졌다.

※ In 2000, Star Cruises acquired Norwegian Cruise Line(NCL)

In 1994, Star Cruises started operations with two 1989 and 1990-built Baltic Sea ferries, Athena and Kalypso.
An unexpected devaluation of the Swedish Krone created a financial crisis for original owner. Unable to pay for new ships under construction in Germany, the line was forced into bankruptcy and ships became available at an attractive price.
Converted for cruise service in Asia they were renamed. Langkapuri Star Aquarius was assigned to Singapore and Langkapuri Star Pisces to Hong Kong.
They signaled a marked departure from the obsolete ferries and aging ocean liners usually deployed in emerging markets.

  In 1998,  SuperStar  Leo →  In 2004,  Norwegian Spirit

 

During 1996–1998, Royal Caribbean operated Sun Viking out of Singapore. Carnival was in discussions with Hyundai regarding joint venture.

※ Carnival' 1982-built, 36,674GT/1,022 Tropicale will begin service in the spring of 1998 sailing from Inchon to China.

 

In 1997, Royal Caribbean sold Sun Viking to Star Cruises and left the market. Carnival’s brief joint venture with Hyundai also ended that year before a ship could be put in operation.

 

The Cruise industry was hard hit by the Asian financial crisis and then again by the SARS epidemic in 2003. SuperStar Leo was sent to Australia  to ride out the downturn.